Question 1

-This figure shows a nephron and its blood supply.What does "d" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  The distal convoluted tubule
B)  Peritubular capillaries
C)  Efferent arteriole
D)  Afferent arteriole
E)  The proximal convoluted tubuleF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 2

-This figure shows the anatomy of the human urinary system.What does "b" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  The urinary bladder
B)  The kidney
C)  The urethra
D)  The ureter
E)  The renal arteryF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

A biologist is studying the part of the kidney which consists of six to ten cone-shaped renal pyramids.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  The renal medulla
B)  The renal nephron
C)  The renal pelvis
D)  The renal cortex
E)  The renal collecting ductF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

The hormone which is responsible for the reabsorption of water is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Aldosterone
B)  Renin
C)  Antidiuretic hormone
D)  Angiotensin I
E)  Angiotensin IIF) B) and C)
G) A) and C) C

Question 5

-This figure shows the anatomy of the human urinary system.What does "d" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  The urinary bladder
B)  The kidney
C)  The urethra
D)  The ureter
E)  The renal arteryF) B) and E)
G) D) and E) C

Question 6

If you were studying organisms which have flame cells you would be studying which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Earthworms
B)  Fish
C)  Insects
D)  Sharks
E)  PlanariansF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

Normally,concentrations of metabolically important substances,such as glucose,are:

Accepted Answer

A)  High in the glomerular filtrate but only a trace in urine
B)  Low in glomerular filtrate but high in urine
C)  High in glomerular filtrate and urine
D)  Low in both glomerular filtrate and urine
E)  Excluded from entering the excretory system altogetherF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 8

Coxal glands of spiders are comparable to the _______ of annelids.

Accepted Answer

A)  Maxillary glands
B)  Malphigian tubules
C)  Nephridia
D)  Flame cells
E)  Green glandsF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

If a person is experiencing kidney failure and is unable to secrete renin,what cascade of events are they likely to experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  If renin is not secreted then angiotensinogen is not converted into angiotensin I.Angiotensin I will not be converted into angiotensin II which signals the adrenal glands to secrete aldosterone.Aldosterone influences the reabsorption of sodium ions and water.Blood volume and blood pressure will not increase.
B)  If renin is not secreted then angiotensinogen is not converted into angiotensin I.Angiotensin I will not be converted into angiotensin II which signals the adrenal glands to secrete aldosterone.Aldosterone influences the reabsorption of sodium ions and water.Blood volume and blood pressure will then increase.
C)  If renin is not secreted then angiotensinogen is not converted into angiotensin I.Angiotensin I will not be converted into angiotensin II which signals the adrenal glands to secrete aldosterone.Aldosterone influences the reabsorption of sodium ions and water.Blood volume will decrease while blood pressure increases.
D)  If renin is not secreted then angiotensinogen will be able to be converted into angiotensin I.Angiotensin I is converted into angiotensin II which signals the adrenal glands to secrete aldosterone.Aldosterone influences the reabsorption of sodium ions and water.Blood volume and blood pressure will then increase.
E)  If renin is not secreted then angiotensinogen is not converted into angiotensin I.Angiotensin I will not be converted into angiotensin II which signals the adrenal glands to secrete aldosteronE.Aldosterone influences the reabsorption of sodium ions and water.Blood volume and blood pressure will stay the samE.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

The presence of which of the following,in high concentrations in the urine,would indicate that an individual is diabetic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bile
B)  Red blood cells
C)  Glucose
D)  Albumin
E)  LipidsF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

A biologist is studying the site in the nephron where most of the water and salt is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.Based on this information,you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The proximal convoluted tubule
B)  The collecting ducts
C)  The distal convoluted tubule
D)  The loop of Henle
E)  The glomerulusF) B) and C)
G) B) and E) A

Question 12

When renin is released it will eventually:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lower blood pressure
B)  Lower blood volume
C)  Convert angiotensin II to angiotensin I
D)  Increase blood pressure for homeostasis
E)  Inhibit aldosterone secretionF) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 13

What will happen to a planarian if their cilia were to cease functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cilia would cease propeling fluid through the nephridia and out of the body.This would prevent them from ridding the body of excess water and excreting metabolic wastes.
B)  The cilia would cease propeling fluid through the excretory tubules and out of the body.This would prevent them from ridding the body of excess water and excreting metabolic wastes.
C)  If the cilia ceased functioning then large amounts of excretory fluids would leak through the excretory tubules and out of the body.
D)  The cilia would cease propeling fluid through the excretory tubules and into the body.This would cause them to rid the body of excess water and metabolic wastes.
E)  The cilia would cease propeling fluid through the Malpighian tubules and out of the body.This would prevent them from ridding the body of excess water and excreting metabolic wastes.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

If precipitates have built up forming a blockage in the ureter,what is the correct order of structures that will be blocked due to back filling of fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ureter - renal pelvis - collecting duct - distal convoluted tubule - loop of Henle - proximal convoluted tubule - glomerular capsule
B)  Ureter - renal pelvis - collecting duct - proximal convoluted tubule - loop of Henle - distal convoluted tubule - glomerular capsule
C)  Ureter - collecting duct - distal convoluted tubule - renal pelvis - loop of Henle - proximal convoluted tubule - glomerular capsule
D)  Glomerular capsule - proximal convoluted tubule - loop of Henle - distal convoluted tubule - collecting duct - renal pelvis - ureter
E)  Renal pelvis - distal convoluted tubule - loop of Henle - collecting duct - proximal convoluted tubule - glomerular capsule - ureterF) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

The optimal blood pH range is between 7.34 and 7.45.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In healthy individuals glucose is found in the glomerular filtrate but not in the urine because:

Accepted Answer

A)  The kidneys store glucose as glycogen
B)  The kidney cells require glucose because energy is needed for active transport
C)  Glucose is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream
D)  Glucose is converted to amino acids in the kidneys
E)  Glucose molecules are too large to pass through the loop of the nephronF) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 17

What is the correct order an excreted water molecule moves from the glomerulus to the collecting duct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loop of the nephron,glomerular capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,distal convoluted tubule
B)  Glomerular capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,loop of the nephron,distal convoluted tubule
C)  Glomerular capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,loop of the nephron and distal convoluted tubule
D)  Proximal convoluted tubule,glomerular capsule,loop of the nephron,distal convoluted tubule
E)  Glomerular capsule,proximal convoluted tubule,distal convoluted tubule,loop of the nephronF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

If the blood is alkaline:

Accepted Answer

A)  More hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions are excreted
B)  Less hydrogen ions and more bicarbonate ions are reabsorbed
C)  Less hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions are excreted
D)  The kidneys reabsorb increased amounts of water
E)  The diet must be low in necessary acidsF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 19

A biologist is studying organisms which excrete ammonia.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Birds
B)  Mammals
C)  Sharks
D)  Bony fish
E)  ReptilesF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

-This figure shows the anatomy of the human urinary system.What does "a" represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  The urinary bladder
B)  The kidney
C)  The urethra
D)  The ureter
E)  The renal arteryF) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Exam 34: Osmoregulation and Excretion

-This figure shows a nephron and its blood supply.What does "d" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure shows the anatomy of the human urinary system.What does "b" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A biologist is studying the part of the kidney which consists of six to ten cone-shaped renal pyramids.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormone which is responsible for the reabsorption of water is:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

-This figure shows the anatomy of the human urinary system.What does "d" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

If you were studying organisms which have flame cells you would be studying which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normally,concentrations of metabolically important substances,such as glucose,are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Coxal glands of spiders are comparable to the _______ of annelids.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a person is experiencing kidney failure and is unable to secrete renin,what cascade of events are they likely to experience?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The presence of which of the following,in high concentrations in the urine,would indicate that an individual is diabetic?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A biologist is studying the site in the nephron where most of the water and salt is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream.Based on this information,you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

When renin is released it will eventually:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What will happen to a planarian if their cilia were to cease functioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If precipitates have built up forming a blockage in the ureter,what is the correct order of structures that will be blocked due to back filling of fluids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The optimal blood pH range is between 7.34 and 7.45.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In healthy individuals glucose is found in the glomerular filtrate but not in the urine because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct order an excreted water molecule moves from the glomerulus to the collecting duct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the blood is alkaline:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A biologist is studying organisms which excrete ammonia.Based on this information you would conclude that he or she is studying which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure shows the anatomy of the human urinary system.What does "a" represent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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A

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