Question 1

What does the presence of the two base pair deletion in the genomes of six widely dispersed human populations,and the absence of the deletion in all non-human primates reveal?

Accepted Answer

A)  That the two bases were actually insertions in the non-human primates
B)  That the deletion arose before the branch between humans and non-human primates
C)  That the deletion arose multiple non-human primates
D)  That the deletion arose at least six times in different human populations
E)  That the deletion arose after the branch between humans and non-human primatesF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

How would the temporalis muscle be attached to the skull and jaw?

Accepted Answer

A)  Through osteoclasts
B)  Through ligaments
C)  Through neurons
D)  Through tendons
E)  Through osteoblastsF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

You are trying out for the USA World Cup soccer team.Everything is going well until you try to score a goal doing a bicycle kick and tear a connection between your quadriceps and femur.Now you will have to wait another four years.Which of the following could you have done to your leg?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sprained a ligament
B)  Strained a tendon
C)  Strained a ligament
D)  Sprained a tendonE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

A disorder of old age in which joint cartilage wears away,exposing bone to bone is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Acromegaly
B)  Rheumatoid arthritis
C)  Scoliosis
D)  Osteoporosis
E)  OsteoarthritisF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

The process by which an arthropod sheds its exoskeleton in order to grow is called molting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The neurotransmitter that is released at a neuromuscular junction that stimulates muscle contraction is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetylcholine
B)  Actin
C)  Myosin
D)  Epinephrine
E)  DystrophinF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

The type of skeleton that is an internal support structure is a(an) :

Accepted Answer

A)  Endoskeleton
B)  Hydrostatic skeleton
C)  Gastrovascular cavity
D)  Exoskeleton
E)  Vascular canalF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

A sustained maximum muscle contraction is called a(an) :

Accepted Answer

A)  Graded potential
B)  Twitch
C)  Z line
D)  Action potential
E)  TetanusF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

When blood calcium is high which of the following would be stimulated by the thyroid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Release of calcium from bone by osteoblasts
B)  Release of calcium from bone by osteoclasts
C)  Uptake of calcium by bone by osteoclasts
D)  Uptake of calcium by bone by osteoblasts
E)  Uptake of calcium by bone by chondrocytesF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 10

The skeleton functions in:

Accepted Answer

A)  Production of blood cells
B)  Supporting the body
C)  Protecting the body
D)  Movement
E)  All are correctF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

According to the sliding filament model,a muscle fiber contracts when thick filaments slide between thin filaments,lengthening the sarcomere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Why would a two base pair deletion in the human myosin gene being studied cause it to be nonfunctional?

Accepted Answer

A)  The two base pairs that were missing encoded two amino acids that were essential for the protein to function
B)  The two base pairs that were missing were essential for the protein to function
C)  It introduces a frameshift resulting in a truncated protein
D)  It introduces a substitution mutation that changes the amino acid encoded by that codon
E)  It introduces a silent mutation that changes the amino acid encoded by that codonF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

The cells that degrade the matrix at the bone surface,releasing calcium into the blood are:

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteoblasts
B)  Stem cells
C)  Osteoclasts
D)  Erythrocytes
E)  ChondrocytesF) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Functions of the vertebrate endoskeleton include:

Accepted Answer

A)  Production of blood cells
B)  Production of nerve cells and storage of calcium
C)  Storage of calcium
D)  Production of blood cells and storage of calcium
E)  Production of nerve cellsF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

After death,muscles remain in a stiff position for several hours.Which of the following explains this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP is required to break the bond between actin and myosin
B)  ATP is required for actin to bind to myosin
C)  ATP is required for the motor neuron to signal a muscle to relax
D)  ATP is required for calcium ions to be pumped into the muscle cell
E)  ATP is required to produce creatine kinaseF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

The type of skeleton that consists of fluid constrained within a layer of flexible tissue is a(an) :

Accepted Answer

A)  Vascular canal
B)  Endoskeleton
C)  Gastrovascular cavity
D)  Exoskeleton
E)  Hydrostatic skeletonF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

The axial skeleton consists of the limbs and the bones that support them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Where are blood cells produced?

Accepted Answer

A)  In red marrow inside of bones
B)  In yellow marrow inside of bones
C)  In joints by chondrocytes
D)  In the liver
E)  In the spleenF) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 19

In muscle tissue,if there is not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration to occur:

Accepted Answer

A)  The muscle cell can produce ATP by fermentation
B)  The muscle cell cannot make ATP
C)  The muscle cell uses creatine phosphate instead of ATP for energy
D)  The muscle cell can produce ATP from fats
E)  The muscle cell depletes its reserves of lactic acidF) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Rheumatoid arthritis is caused when what part of a joint becomes swollen and inflamed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ligaments
B)  Cartilage
C)  Bone
D)  Synovial fluid
E)  TendonsF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Exam 28: The Musculoskeletal System

A disorder of old age in which joint cartilage wears away,exposing bone to bone is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the sliding filament model,a muscle fiber contracts when thick filaments slide between thin filaments,lengthening the sarcomere.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The skeleton functions in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why would a two base pair deletion in the human myosin gene being studied cause it to be nonfunctional?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The neurotransmitter that is released at a neuromuscular junction that stimulates muscle contraction is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would the temporalis muscle be attached to the skull and jaw?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rheumatoid arthritis is caused when what part of a joint becomes swollen and inflamed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The axial skeleton consists of the limbs and the bones that support them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What does the presence of the two base pair deletion in the genomes of six widely dispersed human populations,and the absence of the deletion in all non-human primates reveal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where are blood cells produced?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of skeleton that consists of fluid constrained within a layer of flexible tissue is a(an) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When blood calcium is high which of the following would be stimulated by the thyroid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In muscle tissue,if there is not enough oxygen for aerobic respiration to occur:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of skeleton that is an internal support structure is a(an) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process by which an arthropod sheds its exoskeleton in order to grow is called molting.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cells that degrade the matrix at the bone surface,releasing calcium into the blood are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functions of the vertebrate endoskeleton include:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are trying out for the USA World Cup soccer team.Everything is going well until you try to score a goal doing a bicycle kick and tear a connection between your quadriceps and femur.Now you will have to wait another four years.Which of the following could you have done to your leg?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A sustained maximum muscle contraction is called a(an) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After death,muscles remain in a stiff position for several hours.Which of the following explains this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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